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A boma is a livestock enclosure, stockade, small fort or a district government office used in many parts of the African Great Lakes region, as well as Central and Southern Africa. It is particularly associated with European colonial rule. It is incorporated into many African languages, as well as colonial varieties of English, French and German. As a livestock enclosure, a ''boma'' is the equivalent of ''kraal''. The former term is used in areas influenced by the Bantu Swahili language, and the latter is employed in areas influenced by Afrikaans. In the form of fortified villages or camps, ''bomas'' were commonplace in Central Africa in the 18th and 19th century in areas affected by the slave trade, tribal wars and colonial conquest, and were built by both sides in such conflicts. Note that apart from the neatly built stockades shown in illustrations of bomas, the term in practice more often resembled the structure shown in the cartoon accompanying this article. In that form they often were referred to by the likes of J. A. Hunter and Henry Morton Stanley. ==Alternate use== In British colonies, especially in remote areas, ''boma'' came to be used to mean colonial government offices because in the late 19th century such offices usually included a fortified police station or military barracks, often in the form of a timber stockade, though some had stone walls. Many were called forts, as in 'Fort Jameson', 'Fort Manning', or 'Fort Rosebery'. In the 20th century it came to mean the district or provincial government headquarters, even where fortifications were no longer required.〔(''The Northern Rhodesia Journal'' online ), Vol III No 3 (1957) pp 200-205. “Memories of Abandoned Bomas - No. 11: Old Ndola”〕 ''Boma'' is still commonly used in the African Great Lakes and Southern Africa with this meaning, along with the definition of a livestock enclosure. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Boma (enclosure)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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